GMAT申友逻辑CR题库-Scientists typically do their most creative work before the age of forty. It is commonly thought that this happens because-OG2022-真题答案解析

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Scientists typically do their most creative work before the age of forty. It is commonly thought that this happens because aging by itself brings about a loss of creative capacity. However,

studies show that of scientists who produce highly creative work beyond the age of forty, a disproportionately large number entered their field at an older age than is usual. Since by the age of forty the large majority of scientists have been working in their field for at least fifteen years, the studies’ finding strongly suggests that the real reason why

scientists over forty rarely produce highly creative work is not that they have aged but rather that scientists over forty have generally spent too long in their field.

In the argument given, the two portions in boldface play which of the following roles?

A. The first is a claim, the accuracy of which is at issue in the argument; the second is a conclusion drawn on the basis of that claim.

B. The first is an objection that has been raised against a position defended in the argument; the second is that position.

C. The first is evidence that has been used to support an explanation that the argument challenges; the second is that explanation.

D. The first is evidence that has been used to support an explanation that the argument challenges; the second is a competing explanation that the argument favors.

E. The first provides evidence to support an explanation that the argument favors; the second is that explanation.

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答案：

Argument Ev

aluation

Situation It is generally thought that the reason scientists tend to do their most creative work before age forty is that creative capacity declines with age. Yet those

scientists who do creative work after forty tend, disproportionately, to have started their careers in science later in life. So a better explanation is that many scientists over forty have just been at it too long.

Reasoning What roles do the two portions of the argument that are in boldface play? The argument describes a phenomenon and what is commonly thought to explain it. Then, the first boldfaced statement introduces evidence that

suggests that there may be another explanation. After this evidence is further developed, the argument then concludes that there is indeed a better explanation for the phenomenon; that explanation is stated in the second

boldfaced portion.

A. The accuracy of the first statement is never called into question by the argument; rather, it is relied upon as the basis for the argument’s conclusion.

B. The first statement is not an objection against the position the argument defends; instead, it is a basis for that position.

C. The first statement is not used to support a position the argument challenges, and the second statement is the explanation the argument supports, not the one it challenges.

D. The second statement is indeed an explanation that the argument favors; but the first statement is not used to support a competing explanation that the argument

challenges.

E. Correct. This option correctly identifies the roles played by the boldfaced portions of the argument.