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GMAT小白必看：一词多义。考G的同学中不乏雅思高分通过的学生，但是就实际情况而言，GMAT词汇要求虽然在8000，但生僻词一点也不比雅思简单。还很常见到熟词新意的情况，你认识它，不认识它的另一面，题就解不开了。多笋呐！接下来跟着小C学姐看几道OG中的题目，来了解一下考点中的熟词新意。

拿考生们非常熟悉的一个词“qualify”来举例，看到它脑子里第一个想到的意思应该是“使…合格”了吧！联想到的名词是qualification，表示合格，学历，资历等。

这个词在GMAT考试中也是较为常见的，但是神奇的是这个单词跟不同的词搭配在一起，意思也会跟着变。我们先看在它在OG阅读中被考察的是否是这个意思。

OG第5篇文章423题

Which of the following statements best describes the function of the last sentence of the passage?

(A) It provides evidence tending to undermine the viewpoint of the scholars mentioned in line 5.

(B) It resolves a conflict over the role of banks summarized in the first paragraph.

(C) It clarifies some of the reasons state legislatures began granting more bank charters.

(D) It qualifies a claim made earlier in the passage about the impact of banks on the American economy in the early nineteenth century.

(E) It supports a claim made earlier in the passage about how the expansion of credit affected the economy.

做阅读题我们很自然的做法就是结合上下文去做选项对比，所以回头看一下这篇文章的最后一段。

The exception, such historians argue, was in the South; here, the overwhelmingly agrarian nature of the economy generated outright opposition to banks, which were seen as monopolistic institutions controlled by an elite group of planters.

不难发现，文章里最后一句话用了“exception”，代表该处的内容是和前文有出入，甚至论点完全相反的内容。我们在选项中找关键词进行对比，发现能够表示不一致的只有A选项的“undermine”这个词，分析至此，可能有同学迫不及待地直接选了A选项。但实际上，答案是D选项。

是不是答案错了呢?

非也。答案取决于“qualify”这个单词的意思。在本文中，“qualify”不是合格的意思哦！而是相近于调整、限定的意思。韦氏字典中“qualify”作为及物动词的第四个意思是“to limit or modify the meaning of (as a noun)”。可以猜到，这里的“qualify”如果做及物动词，后跟“statement/claim/assertion”表示的限定、调整的意思；而在做不及物动词，后+介词for的时候，表达的是“使合格”的意思。根据上下文，发现这里的“qualify”并非及物动词，所以它是“使合格”的意思。

那是否可以说明，在GMAT考题中，“qualify”都是是“modify”和“limit”的意思呢?

我们再来看它在Prep里的运用

Prep 08语法笔记 201题

The three women, liberal activists who strongly support legislation in favor of civil rights and environmental protection, have consistently received labor's unqualifying support.

A. have consistently received labor's unqualifying support

B. are consistently receiving the unqualifying support of labor

C. have consistently received the unqualified support of labor

D. receive consistent and unqualified support by labor

E. are receiving consistent and unqualified support by labo

本文里的qualify稍微有些不同，它变成了形容词，表示的是“limited”或“unmodified”，反义词就是unqualified，后接support，表示的就是“完全支持”，并非“不合格的支持”。

GWD里是怎么运用它的呢？

GWD-TN-2 Q23

Which of the following best describes the function of the first sentence of the second paragraph of the passage?

A. To answer a question posed in the first sentence of the passage about why firms adopt particular strategic missions

B. To refute an argument made in the first paragraph about how top management decision-making affects whether firms will adhere to their strategic plans

C. To provide evidence supporting a theory introduced in the first paragraph about what makes firms adhere to or deviate from their strategic plants

D. To qualify an assertion made in the preceding sentence about how top management decision-making affects the likelihood that firms will adhere to their strategic plans

E. To explain a distinction relied on in the second paragraph (lines 17-68) regarding two different kinds of strategic missions

在D选项中，qualify后接assertion，所以这里的qualify也是限定的意思~

最后我们回到OG，看看它在逻辑部分是什么意思。

OG 逻辑部分585 题

This reasoning assumes that…, and that the two other Spensers in the Merchant Tailor’s Guild were not poor enough for their children to qualify for reduced fees.

本文的qualify要注意词性，是不及物动词，也就是合格的意思。

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